conflict antiquities as political tools against war

Like my previous post on the mid-conflict travelling exhibition of Cyprus Treasures, this is about a post-war travelling exhibition of Cypriot cultural heritage, Cyprus B.C.: 7000 Years of History. It used conflict antiquities as political tools against war and destruction; but surprisingly, and disappointingly, not against their own looting.

Exhibition

As then Republic of Cyprus Director of Antiquities, Vassos Karageorghis (1979: 9), observed, Cyprus had suffered 'considerable distress' in the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s, and museums and archaeological sites in northern Cyprus had been 'inaccessible to the staff of the Department of Antiquities' since the Turkish invasion in 1974.

Yet, rather than the active Hellenist nationalism of the previous exhibition, Cyprus, B.C. was 'confined to the pre-Christian periods', and was 'comprised of the best specimens which the museums of Cyprus possess' (Karageorghis, 1979: 14).

Instead of trying to prove the Greekness of Cyprus, this exhibition wanted to send a 'message of culture... to bring reason to humanity and free the nations of the world from the folly of war and destruction' (ibid.).

Material

Given the exhibition comprised 'the best specimens which the museums of Cyprus possess[ed]' (Karageorghis, 1979: 14), it was reassuring to see that the majority of artefacts had been scientifically recovered through archaeological excavation or survey, or as chance finds on the surface (248 of 372; or, 66.67%).

However, the majority of the exhibition's looted antiquities were conflict antiquities. Nevertheless, sometimes, even with a find-spot, it was difficult to work out which community was most likely to have looted an artefact.

Looting communities:

For example, were the necropoleis of Kapsalos and Marion looted by the local, Greek Cypriot majority communities of Limassol and Polis-tis-Chrysochou; or were they within the enclaves and looted by the enclaved Turkish Cypriot minority communities? (not, then, subject to the presumption of looting by the numerically dominant community)?

At least Palaepaphos was not within Kouklia enclave: there were excavations during the conflict, from 1965 onwards (c.f. Nikolaou, 1976b: 44), so it must have been under government control (and if looted between 1964 and 1974, looted by the local Greek Cypriot community).

The Turkish Cypriot village of Souskiou had been 'deserted, looted and burned' by 2nd January 1964 (Patrick, 1976: 90n16); but were its cemeteries still accessible to Turkish Cypriots (in or around an enclave)?

Documenting finds:

The secret agreement between government archaeologists and private collectors (to allow Greek Cypriot collectors to "rescue" enclaved Turkish Cypriot-looted antiquities from the art market between 1963 and 1973) led to many, large collections of looted antiquities.

Then, when the government declared an amnesty and the private collectors declared their illicit antiquities (and the archaeologists catalogued and legalised the collections), there were so many artefacts that they required years of cataloguing and publishing work.

For instance, in 1977, Pavlos Flourentzos was still publishing artefacts catalogued '[d]uring the [1973] campaign for registration of private collections' (1977b: 97; see also Flourentzos, 1977a). There were even cases from this catalogue where objects had been published before they had been accessioned (e.g. #309).

Still, those cases were exceptional, and the information was recorded; so the exceptions should be known. Thus, museum accession and/or scholarly publication dates should be fairly reliable signs of when an object was found.

So, although Episkopi was a historically Turkish Cypriot majority mixed village, and Souskiou a historically Turkish Cypriot village, artefacts found in those villages after 1974 were probably looted by Greek Cypriots.

Numbers

Before conflict:

15 of the 49 antiquities looted before the conflict had no information. Of the 34 that had find-spots,

• 2 were from Turkish Cypriot Gialia;
• 1 was from Greek Cypriot Salamiou;
• 3 were from Greek Cypriot majority mixed Vasilia-Keryneias;
• 1 was from Greek Cypriot majority mixed Akaki;
• 1 was from Greek Cypriot majority mixed Pyla;
• 1 was from ancient Soloi (near larger, Greek Cypriot majority mixed Kseros-Karavostasi and smaller, Turkish Cypriot Ambelikou);
• 5 were from ancient Engomi (between the Greek Cypriot majority mixed town of Famagusta and the Greek Cypriot villages of Agios Sergios, Limnia, Stylloi and Acheritou);
• 1 was from ancient Kition (modern Greek Cypriot majority mixed Larnaca);
• 1 was from ancient Palaepaphos (near modern Greek Cypriot majority mixed Kouklia);
• 1 was from Greek Cypriot majority mixed Nicosia;
• 1 was from Greek Cypriot Morphou;
• 1 was from Greek Cypriot Rizokarpaso;
• 1 was from Turkish Cypriot Platani;
• 1 was from Turkish Cypriot Ovgoros;
• 1 was from Greek Cypriot Gypsos/Gypsou;
• 1 was from Greek Cypriot majority mixed Arnadi;
• 9 were from ancient Marion (modern Greek Cypriot majority mixed Polis-tis-Chrysochou);
• 1 was from Greek Cypriot Ormideia; and
• 1 was from ancient Idalion (modern Greek Cypriot majority mixed Dali).

So, 30 (88.24%) of the antiquities looted before the conflict, with find-spots, were probably looted by Greek Cypriots; and 4 (11.76%) by Turkish Cypriots.

During conflict:

31 of the 63 antiquities probably looted during conflict had no information. Of the other 32,

• 1 was from Greek Cypriot Salamiou;
• 2 were from Turkish Cypriot Kotsiatis;
• 10 were from ancient Marion (modern Greek Cypriot majority mixed Polis-tis-Chrysochou);
• 4 were from ancient Palaepaphos (near modern Greek Cypriot majority mixed Kouklia);
• 1 was from Turkish Cypriot Margi;
• 1 was from Greek Cypriot majority mixed Polemidia;
• 1 was from Turkish Cypriot Psilatos;
• 1 was from Greek Cypriot majority mixed Lythrangomi;
• 1 was from Turkish Cypriot majority mixed Episkopi;
• 1 was from Greek Cypriot Katydata;
• 1 was from ancient Kourion (near modern Turkish Cypriot majority mixed Episkopi);
• 1 was from Greek Cypriot Kythrea;
• 1 was from ancient Tamassos (near the modern Greek Cypriot villages of Politiko and Pera);
• 1 was from Greek Cypriot majority mixed Vatili;
• 2 were from Turkish Cypriot Chrysochou;
• 1 was from Greek Cypriot Pegeia;
• 1 was from ancient Soloi (near larger, Greek Cypriot majority mixed Kseros-Karavostasi and smaller, Turkish Cypriot Ambelikou);
• 1 was from Greek Cypriot majority mixed Limassol; and
• 1 probably looted from Greek Cypriot Kalo Chorio-Lefkosias.

So, 26 (81.25%) of the antiquities looted during the conflict, with find-spots, were probably looted by Greek Cypriots; and 6 (18.75%) by Turkish Cypriots.

After conflict:

3 of the 10 antiquities probably looted after conflict had no information. Of the 7 that had find-spots,

• 2 were from (formerly Turkish Cypriot, by then) Greek Cypriot Souskiou;
• 3 were from (formerly Greek Cypriot majority mixed, by then) Greek Cypriot Limassol;
• 1 was from ancient Kourion (near (formerly Turkish Cypriot majority mixed, by then) Greek Cypriot Episkopi); and
• 1 was from Greek Cypriot Goudi.

So, all 7 of the antiquities looted after the conflict, with find-spots, were probably looted by Greek Cypriots (but the sample is too small to be reliable).

Conclusion

As usual, the evidence from pre-conflict looting is evidence of a bicommunal illicit antiquities trade.

The evidence from mid-conflict looting is of massively increased Turkish Cypriot participation, which would make sense, because of their being enclaved and impoverished (and also because of the silent accord between archaeologists and collectors, which made it easier for them to collect Turkish Cypriot-looted antiquities and call it rescue).

At the same time, it must be noted that after conflict (and conflict-worsened poverty) increased Turkish Cypriot looting, the Turkish Cypriot community still did not have a significantly disproportional role in the looting process; and contrary to Greek Cypriot claims, Turkish Cypriots did not dominate the looting business.

The evidence from post-conflict looting is from too small a sample to trust. However, it should be noted that even larger samples may inaccurately portray Greek Cypriot domination of looting, because Greek Cypriot public institutions and private collectors had easier access to Greek Cypriot-looted antiquities (especially before the opening of the Green Line in 2003).

Thankfully, I think that was the last exhibition catalogue I will do (for a while, at least). Soon, I hope to present a study of the collections of one of the most significant antiquities collecting families in Cyprus; I will also present a study of a collection largely made from conflict antiquities.

Bibliography

Flourentzos, P. 1977a: "Four Archaic terracottas from Cypriote private collections". Report of the Department of Antiquities, Cyprus, 1977, 150-153.

Flourentzos, P. 1977b: "Some antiquities from Cypriot private collections". Eirene, Volume 15, 97-101.

Karageorghis, V and Tatton-Brown, V. 1979: "The Late Bronze Age". In Tatton-Brown, V, (Ed.). Cyprus B.C.: 7000 years of history, 37-63. London: British Museum Publications Limited.

Karageorghis, V. 1979: "Introduction". In Tatton-Brown, V A, (Ed.). Cyprus B.C.: 7000 years of history, 9-14. London: British Museum Publications Limited.

Nikolaou, K. 1976b: "Archaeology in Cyprus, 1969-76". Archaeological Reports, Number 22, 34-69.

Patrick, R A. 1976: Political geography and the Cyprus Conflict, 1963-1971. Waterloo: University of Waterloo Department of Geography.

Peltenburg, E J. 1979a: "The Neolithic Period". In Tatton-Brown, V, (Ed.). Cyprus B.C.: 7000 years of history, 16-18. London: British Museum Publications Limited.

Peltenburg, E J. 1979b: "The Chalcolithic Period". In Tatton-Brown, V, (Ed.). Cyprus B.C.: 7000 years of history, 18-25. London: British Museum Publications Limited.

Swiny, S. 1979a: "The Early Bronze Age". In Tatton-Brown, V, (Ed.). Cyprus B.C.: 7000 years of history, 25-29. London: British Museum Publications Limited.

Swiny, S. 1979b: "The Middle Bronze Age". In Tatton-Brown, V, (Ed.). Cyprus B.C.: 7000 years of history, 29-36. London: British Museum Publications Limited.

Tatton-Brown, V A, (Ed.). 1979a: Cyprus B.C.: 7000 years of history. London: British Museum Publications Limited.

Tatton-Brown, V A. 1979b: "The Geometric Period". In Tatton-Brown, V, (Ed.). Cyprus B.C.: 7000 years of history, 63-69. London: British Museum Publications Limited.

Tatton-Brown, V A. 1979c: "The Archaic Period". In Tatton-Brown, V, (Ed.). Cyprus B.C.: 7000 years of history, 70-107. London: British Museum Publications Limited.

Tatton-Brown, V A. 1979d: "The Classical Period". In Tatton-Brown, V, (Ed.). Cyprus B.C.: 7000 years of history, 108-113. London: British Museum Publications Limited.

Data

Artefacts 1-8: excavated (1979: 16-18);
Artefact 9: from Ayia Mavri near Salamiou(-Paphou), published in 1973 (1979: 19) [Salamiou GC];
Artefacts 10-11: ‘Probably near Souskiou; purchased’ and ‘Probably from near Souskiou; purchased’, accessioned in 1976 (1979: 19) [Souskiou TC until 1964, then abandoned; GC since 1974];
Artefact 12: unknown, published 1973 (1979: 19);
Artefact 13: from Gialia, accessioned and published 1934 (1979: 19) [Gialia TC];
Artefact 14: from Salamiou, Anephani, accessioned 1959 (1979: 19-20) [Salamiou GC];
Artefact 15-40: excavated (1979: 20-25);
Artefact 41-47: excavated (1979a: 26-27);
Artefact 48: from Vasilia, accessioned 1937 (1979a: 27-28) [Vasilia-Keryneias GC maj mix];
Artefact 49-50: ‘Probably from Vasilia’, accessioned 1959 (1979a: 28) [Vasilia-Keryneias GC maj mix];
Artefacts 51-53: excavated (1979a: 28);
Artefacts 54-55: ‘Kotchati; purchased’, accessioned and published in 1970 (1979a: 28) [Kotsiatis TC];
Artefact 56: from ‘Polis tis Chrysochou region’, accessioned in 1973 (1979a: 28) [Polis tis Chrysochou GC maj mix];
Artefacts 57-58: surveyed (1979a: 28);
Artefact 59: ‘Akaki. Purchased’ (1979b: 30), accessioned in 1938 [Akaki GC maj mix];
Artefact 60: unknown, accessioned in 1963 (1979b: 30);
Artefact 61: excavated (1979b: 30);
Artefact 62: from Margi, accessioned in 1970 (1979b: 30-31) [Marki TC];
Artefacts 63-64: excavated (1979b: 31);
Artefact 65: from Polemidia, published in 1972 (1979b: 31-32) [Polemidia GC maj mix];
Artefact 66: from ‘Pyla region’, accessioned in 1962 (1979b: 32) [Pyla GC maj mix];
Artefact 67: from Soloi, accessioned in 1943 (1979b: 32) [Soloi near larger GC maj mix Kseros-Karavostasi and smaller TC Ambelikou];
Artefact 68: unknown, published in 1973 (1979b: 32);
Artefacts 69-72: excavated/surveyed (1979b: 32-33);
Artefact 73: unknown, accessioned in 1974 (1979b: 33);
Artefact 74: excavated (1979b: 34);
Artefact 75: unknown, accession undated (1979b: 34);
Artefact 76: excavated (1979b: 34);
Artefact 77: unknown, published in 1973 (1979b: 34);
Artefact 78: excavated (1979b: 34-35);
Artefact 79: unknown, published in 1973, but assume ‘Met. 1362’ means it was one of di Cesnola’s, accessioned at the Metropolitan Museum (1979b: 35);
Artefact 80: unknown, accessioned in 1958 (1979b: 35);
Artefact 81: unknown, accessioned in 1967 (1979b: 35);
Artefacts 82-85: excavated (1979b: 35-36);
Artefacts 86-96: excavated (1979: 38-41);
Artefact 97: ‘Enkomi, Tomb 43’, accession undated (1979: 41) [Engomi between GC maj mix Famagusta and GC Agios Sergios, Limnia, Stylloi and Acheritou];
Artefact 98: excavated (1979: 41);
Artefact 99: ‘Probably from Enkomi’, accessioned in 1954 (1979: 41) [Engomi between GC maj mix Famagusta and GC Agios Sergios, Limnia, Stylloi and Acheritou];
Artefact 100: ‘Enkomi, Tomb; bought from Mr G. Palma of Famagusta’ (1979: 41), accessioned and published in 1935 (1979: 41-42) [Engomi between GC maj mix Famagusta and GC Agios Sergios, Limnia, Stylloi and Acheritou];
Artefacts 101-103: excavated (1979: 42-43)
Artefact 104: ‘Enkomi; chance find’, accessioned in 1944 (1979: 43)
Artefact 105-130: excavated (1979: 43-49);
Artefact 131: ‘Probably from Kition; purchased’, accessioned in 1938 (1979: 49) [ancient Kition, GC maj mix modern Larnaca];
Artefacts 132-140: excavated (1979: 50-52);
Artefact 141: ‘Palaepaphos, Xerolimni, Tomb 9’, published in 1933 (1979: 52) [Palaepaphos near GC maj mix Kouklia];
Artefacts 142-144: excavated (1979: 52-53);
Artefact 145: ‘Probably Enkomi; given by Mr Kyriakos Stylianou of Larnaca’, accessioned in 1958 (1979: 53) [Engomi between GC maj mix Famagusta and GC Agios Sergios, Limnia, Stylloi and Acheritou];
Artefact 146: from Enkomi, accession undated (1979: 53) [Engomi between GC maj mix Famagusta and GC Agios Sergios, Limnia, Stylloi and Acheritou];
Artefacts 147-148: excavated (1979: 53-54);
Artefact 149: from Psilatos, accessioned in 1970 (1979: 54) [Psyllatos TC];
Artefacts 150-151: excavated (1979: 55);
Artefact 152: unknown, published in 1972 (1979: 55);
Artefact 153: unknown, accessioned in 1957 (1979: 55);
Artefacts 154-159: excavated (1979: 55-57);
Artefact 160: unknown, published in 1964 (1979: 57);
Artefact 161: from Lythrangomi, accessioned in 1966 (1979: 57) [Lythrangomi GC maj mix];
Artefact 162a: unknown, published in 1964 (1979: 57);
Artefact 162b: from ‘Palaepaphos, Evreti, Tomb 3’, published in 1971 (1979: 57) [Palaepaphos near GC maj mix Kouklia];
Artefact 163: from ‘Nicosia, Bairaktar quarter’, accessioned in 1936 (1979: 57) [Nicosia GC maj mix, but Bayraktar quarter…?];
Artefact 164: unknown, published in 1964 (1979: 57);
Artefact 165: unknown, accessioned in 1969 (1979: 58);
Artefact 166: excavated (1979: 58);
Artefact 167: from ‘Episkopi, Kaloriziki, Tomb 40’, published in 1964 (1979: 59) [Episkopi TC maj mix];
Artefact 168: unknown, published in 1964 (1979: 59);
Artefact 169: from ‘Paphos district, possibly Palaepaphos; purchased’, accessioned in 1973 (1979: 59) ["Paphos District" not a find-spot];
Artefact 170: unknown, accessioned in 1964 (1979: 59);
Artefact 171: from ‘Katydata, Tomb 28’, published in 1973 (1979: 59) [Katydata GC];
Artefact 172: excavated (1979: 59-60)
Artefact 173: unknown, accessioned in 1974 (1979: 60);
Artefact 174: unknown, published in 1973 (1979: 60);
Artefact 175: unknown, accession undated (1979: 60);
Artefacts 176-184: excavated (1979: 61-62);
Artefact 185: from ‘Limassol, Komissariato quarter, sanctuary site, found with nos. 186 and 197 [sic – 187]’, published in 1977 (1979: 63) [Limassol GC maj mix, but Komissariato quarter…?];
Artefact 186: from ‘Limassol, found with nos. 185 and 187’, published in 1977 (1979: 63) [Limassol GC maj mix, but Komissariato quarter…?];
Artefact 187: from ‘Limassol, found with nos. 185, 186’, published in 1977 (1979: 63) [Limassol GC maj mix, but Komissariato quarter…?];
Artefacts 188-192: excavated (1979b: 63-64);
Artefacts 193: from ‘Morphou, Toumba tou Skourou’, accessioned in 1958 (1979b: 65) [Morphou GC];
Artefact 194: unknown, accessioned in 1973 (1979b: 65);
Artefact 195: from Kourion, published in 1974 (1979b: 65) [Kourion near Episkopi TC maj mix];
Artefact 196: excavated (1979b: 65-66);
Artefact 197: from ‘Rizokarpaso, Anavrysi, Tomb 1; bought from Maria Dimitri’, accessioned in 1937 (1979b: 66) [Rizokarpaso GC];
Artefact 198: unknown, published in 1971 (1979b: 66);
Artefact 199-201: excavated (1979b: 66-67);
Artefact 202: from ‘Kythrea, Ayios Demetrianos’, published in 1971 (1979b: 67) [Kythrea GC];
Artefacts 203-205: excavated (1979b: 67);
Artefact 206: from Tamassos, published in 1971 (1979b: 67) [Tamassos near GC Politiko and Pera];
Artefact 207: from Palaepaphos, published in 1971 (1979b: 67) [Palaepaphos near GC maj mix Kouklia];
Artefact 208: from Vatyli, published in 1971 (1979b: 67-68) [Vatili GC maj mix];
Artefact 209: surveyed (1979b: 68);
Artefact 210: ‘Unknown provenance; purchased’, accessioned in 1964 (1979b: 68);
Artefact 211: ‘Unknown provenance; formerly G. Petrakides collection, Larnaca’, accessioned in 1970 (1979b: 68);
Artefact 212: ‘Probably from Platani; given by Wing-Commander O’Brien Hubbard’, published in 1937 (1979b: 68-69) [Platani TC];
Artefact 213: from ‘Khrysochou; purchased’, accessioned and published in 1973 (1979b: 69) [Chrysochou TC];
Artefact 214: from ‘Khrysochou; purchased’, accessioned in 1973 (1979b: 69) [Chrysochou TC];
Artefact 215: unknown, published in 1974 (1979b: 69);
Artefact 216: ‘Unknown provenance; formerly Michaelides collection’, accessioned in 1968 (1979b: 69);
Artefacts 217-264: excavated (1979c: 72-86);
Artefact 265: unknown, published in 1971 (1979c: 88);
Artefact 266: unknown, published in 1962 (1979c: 88);
Artefact 267: excavated (1979c: 88);
Artefact 268: unknown, accessioned in 1938 (1979c: 88);
Artefact 268a: ‘From near Pala[e]paphos’, published in 1968 (1979c: 88) [Palaepaphos near GC maj mix Kouklia];
Artefact 269: unknown, published in 1961 (1979c: 89);
Artefact 270: from ‘Tjónia, near Ovgoros’, accessioned and published in 1955 (1979c: 89) [Ovgoros TC];
Artefact 271: unknown, published in 1966 (1979c: 89);
Artefact 272: ‘Unknown provenance. Formerly in the Hadjiprodromou collection’, accessioned in 1977 (1979c: 90);
Artefact 273: from ‘Peyia, Kambos tis Maas’, published in 1964 (1979c: 90) [Pegeia GC];
Artefact 274-297: excavated (1979c: 90-96);
Artefact 298: from ‘Gypsos; purchased’, accessioned in 1938 (1979c: 97) [Gypsos/Gypsou GC];
Artefact 299: from Arnadi, accessioned in 1951 (1979c: 97-98) [Arnadi GC maj mix];
Artefact 300: unknown, published in 1974 (1979c: 98);
Artefact 301: ‘Unknown provenance; purchased’, accessioned in 1938 (1979c: 98);
Artefact 302: unknown, accessioned and published in 1939 (1979c: 98);
Artefacts 303-306: unknown, published in 1974 (1979c: 98);
Artefact 307: from Kourion region, accessioned in 1975 (1979c: 99) [Kourion near Episkopi TC maj mix until 1974; GC since 1974];
Artefact 308: ‘Unknown provenance; formerly Hadjiprodromou collection’, published in 1969 then accessioned in 1977 (1979c: 99);
Artefact 309: ‘Unknown provenance; formerly Hadjiprodromou collection’, published in 1975 then accessioned in 1977 (1979c: 99);
Artefact 310: from Goudi, published in 1977 (1979c: 99) [Goudi GC];
Artefact 311: ‘Unknown provenance; acquired’, accessioned in 1975 (1979c: 99);
Artefact 312: from Marion, accessioned in 1944 (1979c: 99) [ancient Marion, modern GC maj mix Polis tis Chrysochou];
Artefact 313: from ‘Marion; acquired’, (1979c: 99), accessioned in 1952 (1979c: 99-100) [ancient Marion, modern GC maj mix Polis tis Chrysochou];
Artefact 314: from region of Marion, published in 1956 (1979c: 100-101) [ancient Marion, modern GC maj mix Polis tis Chrysochou];
Artefact 315: from ‘Marion; given by Archbishop Makarios’, accessioned in 1961 (1979c: 101) [ancient Marion, modern GC maj mix Polis tis Chrysochou];
Artefact 316: surveyed (1979c: 101);
Artefact 317: from Marion, accessioned in 1941 (1979c: 101) [ancient Marion, modern GC maj mix Polis tis Chrysochou];
Artefact 318: unknown, accessioned in 1934 (1979c: 101-102);
Artefact 319: from ‘Ormidhia, Lakshou tou Solomou; acquired’, published in 1961 (1979c: 102) [Ormideia GC];
Artefact 320: excavated (1979c: 102);
Artefact 321: from Paphos district, accessioned in 1973 (1979c: 102) ["Paphos District" not a find-spot];
Artefact 322: from Gialia(-Paphou), accessioned in 1945 (1979c: 102) [Gialia TC];
Artefact 323: excavated (1979c: 104);
Artefact 324: from Soloi, published in 1971 (1979c: 104) [Soloi near larger GC maj mix Kseros-Karavostasi and smaller TC Ambelikou];
Artefact 325: unknown, accessioned in 1941 (1979c: 104);
Artefact 326: unknown, accessioned in 1967 (1979c: 105);
Artefact 327: from ‘Palaepaphos, Mavromattis Tomb’ (1979c: 105), accessioned in 1965 (1979c: 105-106) [Palaepaphos near GC maj mix Kouklia];
Artefact 328: excavated (1979c: 106);
Artefact 329: ‘Unknown provenance; formerly Colocassides collection’, accessioned in 1956 (1979c: 106);
Artefacts 330-333: excavated (1979c: 106-107);
Artefact 334: from Idalion, accession undated (1979c: 107) [ancient Idalion, modern Dali GC maj mix];
Artefact 335-349: excavated (1979d: 108-110);
Artefacts 350-351: from Marion, accessioned in 1965 (1979d: 111) [ancient Marion, modern GC maj mix Polis tis Chrysochou];
Artefact 352: ‘Probably from Marion’, accessioned in 1964 (1979d: 111) [ancient Marion, modern GC maj mix Polis tis Chrysochou];
Artefact 353: from Marion, accessioned in 1964 (1979d: 111) [ancient Marion, modern GC maj mix Polis tis Chrysochou];
Artefact 354: ‘Probably from Marion’, accessioned in 1967 (1979d: 111) [ancient Marion, modern GC maj mix Polis tis Chrysochou];
Artefact 355: from Marion, published in 1894 (1979d: 111) [ancient Marion, modern GC maj mix Polis tis Chrysochou];
Artefact 356: from Marion, accessioned in 1965 (1979d: 111) [ancient Marion, modern GC maj mix Polis tis Chrysochou];
Artefact 357: from ‘Marion, Necropolis’, accessioned in 1965 (1979d: 111) [ancient Marion, modern GC maj mix Polis tis Chrysochou];
Artefact 358: from Marion, accessioned in 1965 (1979d: 112) [ancient Marion, modern GC maj mix Polis tis Chrysochou];
Artefact 359: from Marion, accessioned in 1964 (1979d: 112) [ancient Marion, modern GC maj mix Polis tis Chrysochou];
Artefacts 360-361: from Marion, published in 1961 (1979d: 112) [ancient Marion, modern GC maj mix Polis tis Chrysochou];
Artefact 362: from Marion, accessioned in 1948 (1979d: 112) [ancient Marion, modern GC maj mix Polis tis Chrysochou];
Artefact 363: unknown, accessioned in 1955 (1979d: 112);
Artefact 364: from ‘Limassol, Kapsalos necropolis’, published in 1964 (1979d: 112) [Limassol GC maj mix];
Artefacts 365-366: surveyed (1979d: 112-113);
Artefact 367: from Kalon Chorion(-Lefkosias), published in 1971 (1979d: 113) [Kalo Chorio-Lefkosias GC];
Artefacts 368-370: surveyed (1979d: 113).